explain briefly about Torricelli's Experiment
Answers
Torricelli created an instrument that is used for measuring the air pressure, which we call as barometer.
He took a glass tube which is about a meter long and almost filled it up completely with mercury. With his fingers placed on the open part of the glass tube, he inverted the tube several times, so that the air bubble left at the top will travel downward by collecting more smaller bubbles in its way.
more mercury was added and he inverted the tube again, and this time placed it carefully over a dish filled with mercury.
Then the finger is removed and the column of mercury in the tube falls until the level of mercury between the surface of it in the tube and the dish is about 760mm.
He observed that the mercury level remains constant even if the tube is tilted unless top of the tube is less than 760mm above the level in the dish, where mercury is completely filled in the tube.
He explained that the column of mercury was supported in the tube by the atmospheric pressure acting on the surface of the mercury in the dish, and pointed out that small changes in the height of the column, which are noticed from day to day, are due to variations in the atmospheric pressure.
This is known as Torricelli's experiment.
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