Question

Explain catenation and tetravalency? in 5 marks​

Answer 1

Catenation is defined as the ability of an atom to join with the other atoms of the same element and form long chains, be it straight, branched or cyclic. Carbon is the element which shows the maximum catenation property. In other words, valency of each carbon atom can be satisfied by combining with other carbon atoms




A carbon atom completes its octet only by sharing its valence electrons with other atoms. As a result, a carbon atom forms four covalent bonds by sharing valence electrons with other atoms. This is known as tetravalencyof carbon ("tetra" means four).
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Answer 2

Catenation is the property through which Carbon can make long covalent bonds. This maybe in branched chains, or atoms arranged in rings. The carbon atoms maybe linked by single, double or triple bonds

Tetra valency refers to the atom having 4 valence electron which enables it to form bonds with other mono valent, di valent or tri valent atoms which include other carbon  atoms or atoms of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, chlorine. The bonds formed are very strong and exceptionally stable.