explain central dogma of molecular biology
Answers
DNA contains the complete genetic information that defines the structure and function of anorganism. Proteins are formed using the genetic code of the DNA. Three different processes areresponsible for the inheritance of genetic information and for its conversion from one form toanother :1.Replication : a double stranded nucleic acid is duplicated to give identical copies. Thisprocess perpetuates the genetic information.2.Transcription : a DNA segment that constitutes a gene is read and transcribed into a
stranded sequence of RNA. The RNA moves from the nucleus into the cytoplasm.3.Translation : the RNA sequence is translated into a sequence of amino acids as the proteinis formed. During translation, the ribosome reads three bases (a codon) at a time from theRNA and translates them into one amino acidIn eucariotic cells, the second step (transcription) is necessary because the genetic material in thenucleus is physically separated from the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm in the cell.Therefore, it is not possible to translate DNA directly into protein, but an intermediary must bemade to carry the information from one compartment to an other
Answer:
The central dogma of molecular biology describes the two-step process, transcription and translation, by which the information in genes flows into proteins: DNA → RNA → protein. Transcription is the synthesis of an RNA copy of a segment of DNA.
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