Explain data transfer using stack in 8051 microcontroller
Answers
RAM Memory Space Allocation in 8051
The 128 bytes of RAM inside the 8051 are assigned the address 00 to 7FH. They can be accessed directly as memory locations and are divided into three different groups as follows −
32 bytes from 00H to 1FH locations are set aside for register banks and the stack.
16 bytes from 20H to 2FH locations are set aside for bit-addressable read/write memory.
80 bytes from 30H to 7FH locations are used for read and write storage; it is called as scratch pad. These 80 locations RAM are widely used for the purpose of storing data and parameters by 8051 programmers.
ROM Space Allocation
Register Banks in 8051
A total of 32 bytes of RAM are set aside for the register banks and the stack. These 32 bytes are divided into four register banks in which each bank has 8 registers, R0–R7. RAM locations from 0 to 7 are set aside for bank 0 of R0–R7 where R0 is RAM location 0, R1 is RAM location 1, R2 is location 2, and so on, until the memory location 7, which belongs to R7 of bank 0.
The second bank of registers R0–R7 starts at RAM location 08 and goes to locations OFH. The third bank of R0–R7 starts at memory location 10H and goes to location to 17H. Finally, RAM locations 18H to 1FH are set aside for the fourth bank of R0–R7.
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