Question

Explain each and every part from nazal cavity to diaphragm

Explain every component which helps in respiration

Chapter - Respiration in Organisms

7th std

Answer 1

$\textbf{ANSWER -}$

 $\textbf{Nasal Chamber -}$ it's a cavity from where air enters into respiration passage through two openings called nasal openings or nostrils. It contains fine hairs and mucus which helps in filtration of inhaled air. It's posterior end opens into Pharynx.

 $\textbf{Pharynx}$ is a tube like structure which carries air from nasal chamber to larynx. Pharynx is divided into three parts.
The first part which is connected to nasal chamber is known as $\textit{Nasopharynx}$, the middle part is $\textit{Oropharynx}$ and the posterior most part is $\textit{Lareyngeopharynx}$.
Pharynx (Lareyngeopharynx) further opens into $\textbf{Larynx.}$

$\textbf{Larynx}$ is a cartilaginous sound producing organ which is also known as $\textit{Sound box}$.
It helps in sound production. Posterior part of Larynx opens into $\textbf{Trachea.}$  

Trachea is also a tube like structure which contains cartilaginous rings. These rings are free at posterior end. Cartilaginous rings prevent trachea to collapse. Trachea further divides into two branches. Each branch enters into seperate lungs. These branches further shows branching which continues to divide.
 First branching is known as $\textbf{Primary Bronchus}$  
next is $\textbf{secondary bronchioles}$  
after that $\textbf{tertiary bronchioles}$  
next is $\textbf{Respiratory bronchioles}$  
next is $\textbf{Alveolar duct}$.

 $\textit{Alveoli is known as structural and functional unit of Lungs}$.  

Internal surface of alveoli is known as Respiratory Surface. There are approximately 300 million alveoli are present in both Lungs.

 $\textbf{Lungs -}$ Lungs are paired organ present in the thoracic cavity. Lungs are protected by rib-cage. Right lung contains 3 lobes weighing 625 grams, while left lung contains 2 lobes weighing 575 grams.  Left lung show a small depression towards centre of Thoracic cavity known as $\textbf{Cardiac Notch}$.

Cardiac Notch provide space for Heart.

 $\textbf{ Diaphragm -}$ It is a significant feature of Mammals (also found in crocodile). It is a muscular organ which seperates thoracic cavity and abdominal cavity. It plays vital role in Breathing.  

[as mentioned for class 7th standard]

Thanks !!!

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Answer 2

Hii

here is ur answer
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Nasal passage
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⚫It is made up of two parts anterior and posterior.
Anterior part is further devided in to nose and septum and are made up of cartilage. Whereas posterior part is made up of bones.


⚫In nose small hairs are present to filter the air.




⚫Nasal passage opens in to Pharynx.


◾Pharynx - It is common opening of mouth and nose.


◾Larynx - It is a small box like structure, in males it often becomes prominent and protrudes out and called
" Adam's apple " and are made up of cartilage.

In its cavity two vocal cords are present.
It is also called the voice box. It is an enlarged part of trachea.




◾Trachea - It is 11-12 cm long and 1.5-2.5 cm diameter tube attached to the oesophagous. In thorax region it divides in to two branches, these branches are called as Bronchi which enters into lungs. Trachea have ' C ' - shaped rings made up of cartilage. These rings prevents contraction of tracheal wall.




◾Bronchiols - Bronchi in lungs further divided into many branches and these branches are called as Bronchioles.




◾Terminal bronchioles - Terminal bronchioles are small pouch like structures which are filled by air. These bronchioles are called as Alveoli in which gaseous exchange are takes place.



◾Alveoli - The wall of alveoli contains an extensive network of blood vessels.

Note - If the alveolar surface were spread out, it would cover 80 m sq. This shows how efficient the alveoli are because they provide large surface area available for the exchange of gases.




◾Diaphragm - When atmospheric air enters into lungs, alveoli and diaphragm contract to become flat the inter coastal muscles contacts to inlarge the chest cavity and lowering the pressure in lungs.

And when air expell out from lungs the diaphragm become relax, inter coastal muscles relaxes as a result chest cavity reduces and pushes the air outside.
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hope it helps you


Thanks