Question

Explain electrolysis of water by an experiment​

Answer 1

Water molecule is decomposed in to H+ and OH- ions, when electric current is passed through it. These ions move to oppositely charged electrodes and liberated as gases at different electrodes. Objectives. To observe the electrolysis of water and determine the gases liberated at the end of experiment.

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Answer 2

$\bf{\underline{Answer:-}}$

Electrolysis of water:-

Electrolysis of water is the process of breakdown of water molecules ($\sf{H_2O}$ molecules) into $\sf{H_2}$ and$\sf{O_2}$.

Chemical Equation to this reaction:-

$\sf{2H_2O \xrightarrow{Electricity} 2H_2 + O_2}$

$\bf{\underline{Experiment}}$

AIM : To show the electrolysis of water.

Materials Required :

• A plastic mug.
• Two graphite rods
• Rubber stopper
• A battery of 6 V
• Two test tubes
• Carbon electrodes

Procedure :

• Take a plastic mug. Drill two holes in it and fit rubber stoppers in the holes.
• Put the electrodes in these rubber stopper (as shown in the attachment).
• Connect these electrodes to a battery.
• Add water in the mug such that water gets immersed into the electrodes.
• Add a few drops of hydrochloric acid in it .
• Now take two test tubes and invert them on the carbon electrodes.
• Switch on the current.
• Leave the apparatus undisturbed for sometime.

Observations :

We observe formation of bubbles on both the electrodes. These bubbles are filled with gases hydrogen and oxygen. We observe that the amount of gas evolved in the cathode is double than that in anode. This is because while when one atom of Oxygen moves towards anode, two atoms of Hydrogen move towards cathode at the same time because hydrogen and oxygen are present in water in the ratio 2:1 by mass.

Conclusion:-

Water on passing electricity breaks down into $\sf{H_2}$ and $\sf{O_2}$. The hydrogen atom moves towards cathode and oxygen atom moves towards anode.