Question

Explain endoplasmic reticulum in brief.
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Answer 1

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Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) :

• The endoplasmic reticulum is a large network of membrane-bound tube's and sheets.
• It looks like long tubles or round or oblong bags.
• The ER membrane is similar in structure to the plasma membrane.

Types of Endoplasmic reticulum :

There are Two types of ER-

1. Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)
2. Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum (SER)

Rough Endoplasmic reticulum (RER) :

• RER looks rough due to the presence of ribosomes on its surface.
• RER helps in proteins synthesis.

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) :

• SER looks smooth because ribosomes are not attached to its surface.
• SER helps in the synthesis of fats and lipids.

Biogenesis :

• Fats and lipids are manufactured by smooth endoplasmic reticulum which helps in building the cell membrane.
• This process is known as Biogenesis.

Functions of Endoplasmic Reticulum :

• It serves as a channel for the transport of materials between various region's of the cytoplasm.
• It also functions as a cytoplasmic framework providing a surface for biochemical activities.
• It also helps in detoxifying many poisons and drugs.