explain female reproductive system and mating ??
Answers
During sex, sperm cells travel through the vagina to the uterus and fallopian tubes. In the fallopian tube, the sperm meets the egg that was released from the ovary during ovulation. ... These genes come from the father's sperm and the mother's egg, which are produced by the male and female reproductive systems.
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Female Reproductive System
July 21, 2016 By Mrs Shilpi Nagpal 10 Comments
Question 1 Explain female reproductive system?
Question 2 What are ovaries?
Question 3 Name the female gametes in human being?
Female Reproductive System
Female reproductive system
It consist of Ovaries,oviduct,fallopian tubes,uterus,vagina.
1)Ovaries:They are oval shaped organ, inside abdominal cavity.There are 2 ovaries, makes egg or ova and sex hormones, composed of thousand of follicles.At puberty these follicles mature to form ripe egg.
2)Oviducts:Above the ovaries,not connected directly to ovaries but have funnel shaped opening which almost cover ovaries.
The egg released by an ovary goes into oviduct through funnel shaped opening.Fertilisation take place in oviduct.
3)Uterus:The two oviducts connect to a bag like organ called uterus.the growth and development of fertilised egg take place in uterus.
4)Cervix:Uterus is connected through a narrow opening called cervix to another tube called vagina.
Vagina
The vagina is a muscular and elastic tube that connects the cervix to the external body. It functions as the receptacle for the penis in sexual intercourse and delivers sperm to the fallopian tubes and uterus. It also acts as a birth canal by expanding to allow delivery of the fetus during childbirth.
Ovulation
Ovulation is the process of releasing the eggs from the ovaries. This process takes place as soon as the follicle is fully grown and reaches its size along with the accumulation of liquid in the follicle without a significant rise in pressure. As the follicle swells out, a small oval-shaped area, the stigma or macula pellucida appears sticking outward as a clear cone area and later undergoes localized changes in color, integrity, and translucency. The secretion of estrogen hormones reaches the maximum level before the ovulation. After the surge of luteinizing hormone, ovulation occurs at the site of the stigma. This surge is essential for ovulation.
Ovulation is the process in which the follicle is separated by releasing of follicular fluid along with the ovum surrounded by the corona radiata. The cells of the corona radiata will separate later in the presence of spermatozoa. In ruminants, the oocytes have already lost their corona at the time of ovulation. The very active fimbriae, end of the oviduct picks up the ovum. If fertilized ovum or zygote undergoes cleavage and makes its way to the uterus for implantation. If not fertilized, it degenerates within 24 hours.
Menstrual Cycle
All females, after reaching their puberty produce mature egg cell every month during a process called the menstrual cycle. During this period, an ovary releases a mature egg. The egg travels to the uterus. If the egg is not fertilized, the uterine lining is shed and a new cycle begins. Overall a menstrual cycle lasts for 28 days. This cycles may either lasts for 21 days or as long as 35 days in some individuals. The entire process of the menstrual cycle is controlled by the endocrine system and the hormones involved are FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone. Both FSH and LH hormones are produced by the pituitary gland, whereas estrogen and progesterone hormones are produced by the ovaries.
Factors including diet, exercise, stress and weight gain or loss affects the menstrual cycle. The cycle may be irregular at times, especially during puberty. Except during pregnancy, menstrual cycles occur every month from the time of puberty up to the age of 45 to 55. After the age of 55 ovaries slows down their production of hormone and release of mature eggs. Gradually, the menstrual cycle stops, and the woman is no longer able to become pregnant.
Fertilization and Pregnancy
Following implantation, the placenta originates from maternal and fetal tissues, producing human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) that helps in maintaining the level of corpus luteum in the ovary until the placenta begins synthesizing its own progesterone and estrogen hormones.
Estrogen and Progesterone
Estrogen and progesterone hormones are produced by the ovaries that foster the development of reproductive organs by maintaining the proper uterine cycle and by developing female secondary sex characteristics. During menopause, usually between age 45 and 55, the uterine cycle stops, and the ovaries are no longer produce estrogen and progesterone hormones.