Explain Fractional Distillation
Answers
❖ Fractional Distillation :
❱ It is the process used for the separation of a mixture of two or more liquids that have different boiling points.
❱ Fractional distillation is carried out by using a fractionation column. In order to carry out the fractional distillation, we require a distillation flask, fractional column, Liebig condenser and a receiver.
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❮ Activity ❯
➲ To separate the components of miscible liquids by Fractional Distillation.
⚫ Set up the apparatus.
⚫ Take the benzene and toluene liquids in the distillation flask.
⚫ Heat the mixture slowly.
⚫ Collect the first fraction in the receiver.
⚫ Collect the second fraction also into another receiver.
⚫ Keep close watch at the thermometer while distillation flask is being heated.
⚫ Which of the two liquids distillates first.
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Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions. Chemical compounds are separated by heating them to a temperature at which one or more fractions of the mixture will vaporize. It uses distillation to fractionate. Generally the component parts have boiling points that differ by less than 25 °C (77 °F) from each other under a pressure of one atmosphere. If the difference in boiling points is greater than 25 °C, a simple distillation is typically used.