Question

Explain giving example where active involvement of local People lead to efficient management of forest

Answer 1

One movement is Chipko Movement.

The Chipko movement or chipko andolan was primarily a forest conservation movement in India that began in 1973 and went on to become a rallying point for many future environmental movements all over the world; it created a precedent for non-violent protest started in India.[1][2] It occurred at a time when there was hardly any environmental movement in the developing world, and its success meant that the world immediately took notice of this non-violent movement, which was to inspire in time many such eco-groups by helping to slow down the rapid deforestation, expose vested interests, increase ecological awareness, and demonstrate the viability of people power. Above all, it stirred up the existing civil society in India, which began to address the issues of tribal and marginalized people. Today, beyond the eco-socialism hue, it is being seen increasingly as an ecofeminism movement. Although many of its leaders were men, women were not only its backbone, but also its mainstay, because they were the ones most affected by the rampant deforestation,[3] which led to a lack of firewood and fodder as well as water for drinking and irrigation. Over the years they also became primary stakeholders in a majority of the afforestation work that happened under the Chipko movement.[4][5][6]

In 1987, the Chipko Movement was awarded the Right Livelihood Award.[7] The chipko aandolan is a movement that practised the Gandhian methods of Satyagraha where both male and female activists played vital roles, including Gaura Devi, Sudesha Devi, Bachni Devi and Chandi Prasad Bhatt.

Answer 2

Movements

Explanation:

There have been examples where active involvement of local people lead to efficient management of forest; some of them are:

• Khejri Trees - The Bishnoi community in Rajasthan dedicated themselves for the work of forest and wildlife conservation

In 1731, Amrita Devi led a group of 363 people who sacrificed their lives for the protection of the khejri trees near Jodhpur in Rajasthan which reflected the determination of people for protecting their environment, this movement also inspired many other movements that came after it

• The Chipko Andolan- It started in 1973 in Chamoli district of Uttaranchal was a movement started by common people against deforestation

The villagers did not allow the logging contractor to cut the tress and stopped them from doing so by hugging the trees, the main leaders of this movement were Sunderlal Bahuguna, Gauri Devi and Chandi Prasad Bhatt

• Appiko Movement- It was a revolutionary movement for environmental conservation and was inspired by Chipko movement, the people of Karnataka state launched a similar movement to save their trees

It was led by Panduranga Hedge in 1983, where men, women, children hugged the trees of Kalase forest