Question

explain how metal low in the reactivity series can be extracted

Answer 1

Let us understand this using a suitable example.
Mercuric sulphide is the ore of a metal mercury lying low in the reactivity series.
Its chemical formula is HgS and also known as cinnabar.

HgS is roasted to give HgO.

2HgS + 3O2 ------> 2HgO + 2SO2

This HgO can be heated to obtain the metal Mercury.

2HgO-------> 2Hg + O2.

Answer 2

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★ The arrangement of metals in decreasing order of their reactivity in the form of a series is called the reactivity or reactivity series of the metals.

★ The most reactive metal is placed at the top of the list and least reactive metal is placed at the bottom of the list.

★ On the basis of reactivity, we can classify metals into the following categories :

1) High reactivity metals

2) Moderately reactive metals

3) Less reactive metals

1) Extraction of High reactivity metals :

✯ The metals which are placed at the top of the reactivity series are very reactive.

✯ They are never found in nature as free elements, e. g., sodium, potassium, calcium and aluminium.

✯ These metals are obtained by electrolytic reduction.

2) Extraction of Moderately reactive metals :

✯ The metals in the middle of reactivity series such as iron, zinc, lead, copper are moderately reactive.

✯ These elements are present as sulphides or carbonates in nature.

✯ Generally metals are obtained from their oxides as compared to their sulphides and carbonates.

3) Extraction of Less reactive metals :

✯ The metals which are placed at the bottom of the reactivity series are least reactive.

✯ They occur in free state, e. g., gold, silver and copper.

✯ Copper and silver are also found in the combined state as sulphide and oxide ores.

✯ These metals are obtained from their ores by just heating the ores in air.

Hope it helps!

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