Explain how the elements are classified into s, p, d, f blocks in the periodic table.
Answers
Explanation:
the long form of the periodic table divides the elements into four major blocks known as s, p, d, and f. this division represents the name of the orbital and received from the last electron of the shell.
s block elements are those in which their last electron enters into their outer most shells. p block elements are those in which last electrons enter in anyone from the last three outermost shells respectively and in d Block elements, electrons enter in anyone five d orbitals while in f block elements, electrons enter in any one of the 7 f orbitals.
The modern periodic table sets out the elements in the order, in which successive energy levels in the atoms are being filled by electrons.
Since the electrons occupy specific energy levels and subshells, thus there is a definite relationship between the periodic table and filling of the subshell.
On the basis of the filling of electronic subshells, the elements may be classified into four sections or blocks i.e., s-, p-, d- and f-block elements in the periodic table depending upon the nature of the atomic orbitals into which the differentiating (last) electron enters.
For the purpose of this classification of elements, only the orbital of the highest energy into which the last electron goes is considered. This orbital may not always belong to the outermost shell.