Explain in about 250-300 words prevention and care from allergy
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Medications
Medications can help relieve allergic symptoms by reducing the body’s immune system reaction. Physician may suggest over-the-counter or prescription medication to treat allergies.
Antihistamines - Antihistamines are the main category of medicines for allergies. They can be used when the symptoms of an allergy develops. They can also be used to prevent allergic reactions.
Decongestants - Decongestants can be used to provide relief from blocked nose caused by an allergic reaction; however, the long-term use of decongestants is associated with deterioration of symptoms and is hence not advisable.
Lotions and creams to treat skin reactions - Certain allergies can lead to skin reaction such as rashes and itchiness. Itchiness caused by an allergic reaction can be treated with creams and lotions. They keep the skin moist and protect it the skin from allergens. Calamine lotion can also be used to reduce itchiness.
Steroids - Medication containing steroids can be used to reduce inflammation caused by an allergic reaction. Steroids are available as creams, tablets, nasal sprays and eye drops.
Immunotherapy
Severe cases of allergies which do not respond to conventional treatment can be treated with allergen immunotherapy. Allergen immunotherapy involves the administration of allergen extracts into the body via injections. They are usually administered over a period of a few years. Immunotherapy may also be administered as drops or sublingual tablets.
Treatment of Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening allergic reaction. Anaphylaxis involves symptoms such as rash, swelling, shortness of breath, vomiting, light-headedness, and low blood pressure. Emergency epinephrine is administered via special injectors in this life-threatening allergic condition.
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