Question

Explain ipv4. what are the advantages of ipv6 over ipv4.

Answer 1

internet protocol version 4 , is a 32 bit ip address alloted to users
ipv6 is alloted to no of people more than ipv4

Answer 2

Answer:

IPv4 is the fourth version of the internet protocol(a network layer protocol) and the first version to be deployed to be used in the earliest forms of internet(i.e. SATNET and ARPANET. It is a 32 bit IP address

Explanation:

Drawbacks of IPv4 and how IPv6 helps overcome it.

1) Limited Address Space: Since IPv4 is a 32 bit IP address it only has an address space of 4294967296(2³²), while it was initially not a problem when it was released due to the low number of internet users during those days, however due to the increasing number of internet user, the IPv4 address is being exhausted. IPv6 overcomes this limitation by providing a larger address space. Since IPv6 is a 128 bit IP address, it provides an address space of 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456(2¹²⁸) which is unlikely to be exhausted.

2) Lack of Autoconfiguration: IPv4 does not provide the ability to automatically configure IP address. In order to automatically configure an IPv4 address we need the help of DHCP. IPv6 overcomes this limitation, IPv6 hosts can automatically configure their own IPv6 addresses and other configuration parameters, even in the absence of an address configuration infrastructure such as DHCP.

3) Lack of security mechanism: Security for IPv4 is specified by the use of Internet Protocol security (IPsec). However, IPsec is optional for IPv4 implementations. However in IPv6, the use of IPsec is mandatory, which in turn helps improve security.

4) Limitations of prioritized delivery: Prioritized packet delivery, such as special handling parameters for low delay and low variance in delay for voice or video traffic, is possible with IPv4. However, it relies on a new interpretation of the IPv4 Type Of Service (TOS) field, which is not supported for all the devices on the network. Additionally, identification of the packet flow must be done using an upper layer protocol identifier such as a TCP or User Datagram Protocol (UDP) port. This additional processing of the packet by intermediate routers makes forwarding less efficient. IPv6 provides better support for prioritized delivery.IPv6 has an equivalent to the IPv4 TOS field that has a single interpretation for nonstandard delivery. Additionally, a Flow Label field in the IPv6 header indicates the packet flow, making the determination of forwarding for nondefault delivery services more efficient at intermediate routers.