explain kolbes reaction and reimer-tiemann reaction
Answers
Kolbe process" redirects here. For the electrochemical decarboxylation/dimerization reaction, see Kolbe electrolysis.
Kolbe–Schmitt reaction
Named after Hermann Kolbe
Rudolf Schmitt
Reaction type Addition reaction
Identifiers
Organic Chemistry Portal kolbe-schmitt-reaction
RSC ontology ID RXNO:0000182
The Kolbe–Schmitt reaction or Kolbe process (named after Hermann Kolbe and Rudolf Schmitt) is a carboxylation chemical reaction that proceeds by heating sodium phenoxide (the sodium salt of phenol) with carbon dioxide under pressure (100 atm, 125 °C), then treating the product with sulfuric acid. The final product is an aromatic hydroxy acid which is also known as salicylic acid (the precursor to aspirin).[1][2][3][4]
The Kolbe–Schmitt reaction
By using potassium hydroxide, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid is accessible, an important precursor for the versatile paraben class of biocides used e.g. in personal care products.
The methodology is also used in the industrial synthesis of 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid. The regiochemistry of the carboxylation in this case is sensitive to temperature.
The Reimer–Tiemann reaction is a chemical reaction used for the ortho-formylation of phenols; with the simplest example being the conversion of phenol to salicylaldehyde. The reaction was discovered by Karl Reimer and Ferdinand Tiemann.