Explain manufacture of sodium Hydroxide from brine?
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Sodium hydroxide, NaOH, is also known as lye or caustic soda.
Sodium hydroxide is a commonly used base.
Electrolysis of concentrated sodium chloride solutions (brine) produces chlorine gas, hydrogen gas and aqueous sodium hydroxide.
2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(l) → H2(g) + Cl2(g) + 2NaOH(aq)
Cl2(g) is produced at the anode (positive electrode).
H2(g) and NaOH(aq) are produced at the cathode (negative electrode).
Three types of electrolytic cell are used to produce sodium hydroxide from brine:
Castner-Kellner Cell (Mercury Process)
Nelson Diaphragm Cell
Membrane Cell:
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