explain organic compounds in detail
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Answer:
Carbon containing compounds except carbonate or bicarbonate is called organic compounds.
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Answer:
Most of the foodstuffs that we consume every day such as sugar, fats, starch, vinegar, etc are basically organic compounds. Even though the organic compounds have been known to man since prehistoric times, their study practically began from the eighteenth century! The term “organic compound” was coined by Berzelius in 1807.
An organic compound is defined as any compound whose molecules contain carbon and hydrogen ( also known as ” hydrocarbons” ) or compound that is the derivative of it. The branch of science which deals with the scientific study of structure, properties and reactions of hydrocarbons and their derivatives is known as organic chemistry.
The general characteristics of Organic Compounds include:
Can be isolated as well as prepared in laboratory
Comprise almost 90% of all known compounds.
Mostly built up of only three elements- carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Other elements like halogen, nitrogen as well as phosphorous are also present but to a lesser extent.
Possess complex structures and high molecular weights
Their properties are decided by certain active atom or group of atoms known as the functional group.
They are mostly insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents.
They are combustible in nature
Chemical reactions involving organic compounds proceed at slower rates.
Importance of Organic Compounds
Organic compounds are important because all living organisms contain carbon.
While carbohydrates, proteins and fats, the basic structures of life, are organic compounds
They are the basic components of many of the cycles that drive the earth. For example, the carbon cycle that includes the exchange of carbon between plants and animals in photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
Organic compounds combine with metals to form organometallic compounds. These compounds are important industrially. They are used as catalysts, promoters, analysers as well as stabilizers.
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