Explain permanent tissue
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Plant tissue that has completed its growth and differentiation and is usually incapable of meristematic activity.
Types of Permanent Tissue
Simple Permanent Tissue
These are also known as homogenous tissues. They are made up of a single cell type, usually with the same origin, structure, and function.
Simple permanent tissue is further classified into three types:
Parenchyma
The cells have an oval or round shape.
The cell wall is made up of hemicellulose or cellulose.
The cell is thin-walled.
The cells have vacuoles and very small nucleus.
It is found in all parts of the plant.
The protoplasm is living and dense.
Collenchyma
Cells are long and thick walled.
The cell wall is made up of cellulose and pectin.
It is the only tissue with the highest refractive index due to the presence of pectin.
It is found in hypodermis of dicot stem and the vascular bundle of dicot leaf.
The amount of chloroplast is less in the cells.
The cells have no intercellular spaces.
Sclerenchyma
These are dead tissues, very hard and rigid in texture.
Cells are thick walled with various size and shapes.
These provide mechanical support and rigidity to the plant.
Complex permanent Tissue
The complex tissues are made up of different types of cells performing diverse functions. These are of two types:
Xylem
It transports water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves of the plant.
It provides support to the plants.
It is divided into-tracheids, vessels, xylem fiber, and xylem parenchyma.
Phloem
It translocates the prepared organic food from the leaves to different parts of the plant.
It is also known as bast.
It is composed of sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem parenchyma, and phloem fibers
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@HARSHA
Permanent tissues are the plant tissue that have lost the capability of cell division.
- Plant tissue are divided into two broad categories : Meristematic tissue and Permanent Tissue. While meristematic tissues are made up of actively dividing cells, Permanent tissues have lost their ability to divide any further.
- Permanent tissues may be living or dead.They are basically derived from meristematic issues and are differentiated to perform specific functions.
- Permanent tissues are further divided into two categories: Simple permanent tissue and Complex permanent tissue.
- Examples of Simple permanent tissue are parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma tissue.
- Xylem and Phloem tissue are the major examples of Complex Permanent tissue.
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