Explain Preparation of Soil with Diagram .
Note : No copied answer .
Don't copy from any sites .
Copied Answer will be deleted .
Quality Answer required needed .
Thank you .
Answers
Answer :-
• Agriculture is the science of art of cultivating the crop fields for better yield.
• Cultivation of crops involves various methods :-
- Preparation of soil
- Selection of seeds and sowing
- Manuring
- Irrigation
- weeding
- Crop protection
- Harvesting
- Threshing
- Storage
• Here, We have to discuss preparation of soil :-
Preparation of soil :-
• Preparation of soil is the first step before cultivation it helps in turning the soil and loosening it . Soil preparations is important as it ensures good planting.
• It involves three steps :-
- Ploughing Soil :- To plough the soil is very important as it helps in turning and loosening it . Soil is loosened so that the roots of crop can penetrate easily .
-Leveling Soil :- it is the process to make top soil more nutritional so that nutritional rich soil will be at top and less nutritional will be at bottom .
- Manuring soil :- Manuring is the process of adding biodegradable waste in the soil that results into good yield
Advantages of preparation of soil :-
• It helps the soil to make it fertile .
• It allows the soil to penetrate easily
• It helps in uprooting the weeds
• It helps the soil to absorb water easily.
Preparation of Soil:-
The upper layer of earth is called soil. The crop plants are grown in soil. Soil provides minerals, water,air, humus and anchorage (fixing firmly), to the plants. Preparation of soil is the first step in cultivating a crop for food production. The soil is prepared for sowing the seeds of the crop by ploughing , levelling , manuring. Each one of these steps has its own significance. This is described below.
The process of loosening and turning the soil is called ploughing (or tilling).
Ploughing:-
The loosening of soil by ploughing is beneficial because of the following reasons :
(i) The loose soil allows the plant roots to penetrate freely and deeper into the soil so that plants are held more firmly to the ground.
(ii) The loose soil allows the roots of plants to breathe easily (even when the roots are deep). This is because loose soil can hold a lot of air in its spaces.
(iii) The loose soil helps in the growth of worms and microbes present in the soil who are friends of the farmer since they help in further turning and loosening the soil. They also add humus to the soil.
(iv) Ploughing also uproots and buries the weeds (unwanted plants) standing in the field and thereby suffocates them to death.
(v) The loosening and turning of soil during ploughing brings the nutrient rich soil to the top so that the plants can use these nutrients
_____________________________________________
Levelling:-
The ploughed soil is levelled by pressing it with a wooden leveller (or an iron leveller) so that the top soil is not blown away by wind or drained off by water (and soil erosion is prevented). The levelling of ploughed soil is beneficial because of the following reasons :
(i) The levelling of ploughed fields (by pressing) prevents the top fertile soil from being carried away by strong winds or washed away by rain water.
(ii) The levelling of ploughed fields helps in the uniform distribution of water in the fields during irrigation.
(iii) The levelling helps in preventing the loss of moisture from the ploughed soil. The levelling of ploughed soil in the fields is done by using an implement called leveller. The soil leveller is a heavy wooden plank or an iron plank. The soil leveller can be pulled by bullocks or by tractor.
_____________________________________________
Manuring:-
‘Manuring’ means ‘adding manure to the soil’. Sometimes, manure is added to the soil before ploughing. Addition of manure to soil before ploughing helps in the proper mixing of manure with the soil. Manure is first transported to the fields. It is then spread out in the fields. When this field is ploughed, the manure gets mixed in the soil properly. Manure contains many nutrients required for the growth of crop plants. So, manuring is done to increase the fertility of the soil before seeds are sown into it.
_____________________________________________
Once the soil is ploughed, levelled and manured, it is ready for the sowing of seeds. The soil is watered before sowing.
