Explain process of chloroalkine process
Answers
Lithium metal
Chloroalkanes are suitable for lithiumhalogen exchange using lithium metal. For example, the preparation of halide-free methyllithium55 and 2-bornyllithium145 proceeds in good yield by treatment of the corresponding alkyl chloride with lithium metal. Reaction conditions at room temperature or above cause decomposition of ethereal solvents and appear to limit this methodology to the use of hydrocarbon solvents or low temperature. However, the addition of a magnesium alkoxide prevents the reaction of organolithiums with ethereal solvents at room temperature.75 With cyclohexyl chloride, in the absence of magnesium alkoxide, 3-cyclohexylpropanoic acid is formed in 60% yield, presumably by reaction of ethane, a decomposition product of THF, with cyclohexyllithium and subsequent CO2 quench.
Answer:
The chloralkali process (also chlor-alkali and chlor alkali) is an industrial process for the electrolysis of sodium chloride solutions. It is the technology used to produce chlorine and sodium hydroxide (lye/caustic soda),which are commodity chemicals required by industry. 35 million tons of chlorine were prepared by this process in 1987. Industrial scale production began in 1892.
Usually the process is conducted on a brine (an aqueous solution of NaCl), in which case NaOH, hydrogen, and chlorine result. When using calcium chloride or potassium chloride, the products contain calcium or potassium instead of sodium. Related processes are known that use molten NaCl to give chlorine and sodium metal or condensed hydrogen chloride to give hydrogen and chlorine.