explain process of excretion system in human beings
Answers
Explanation:
Human excretory system
It comprises of:
i. pair of kidneys
ii. pair of ureters
iii. urinary bladder
iv. urethra
Kidney is divided into outer cortex and inner medullary region.
Nephrons are basic functional units of kidney.
Kidneys
Location: Between levels of the last thoracic and the third lumbar vertebra
Measurement: 10−12 cm (length) × 5−7 cm (width) × 2−3 cm (thickness)
Weight: 120−170 g
Hilum: A notch present towards the centre of the inner concave surface of the kidney
Through the hilum, the ureter, blood vessels and nerves enter the kidney.
On the inside of the hilum, the renal pelvis is present. Renal pelvis has projections called calyces.
2 zones in the kidney: Cortex (outer)
Medulla (inner)
Medulla divides into medullary pyramids (cone-shaped). These medullary pyramids project into the calyces.
Cortex is present in between the medullary pyramids as renal columns called the columns of Bertini.
Each kidney consists of about 1 million nephrons. These are the structural and functional units of the kidneys.
The kidneys consist of a cluster of very thin-walled capillaries. Each cluster is associated with a cup-shaped end of a tube, in which filtered urine is collected. These basic filtering units of the kidneys are called nephrons. Each kidney possesses a large number of nephrons (approximately 1- 1.5 million).
Structure of a nephron
The main components of a nephron are the glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, and a long renal tube. The blood enters the kidneys through the renal artery, which branches into many capillaries associated with the glomerulus. Water and solutes are transferred to the nephron at the Bowman’s capsule.
In the proximal tubule, some substances such as amino acids, glucose, and salts are selectively reabsorbed and unwanted molecules are added in the urine. The filtrate then moves down into the loop of Henle, in which more water is reabsorbed. From here, the filtrate moves upwards into the distal tubule, and finally to the collecting duct. This duct collects urine from many nephrons.
The urine formed in each kidney then enters a long tube called the ureter. The ureters move the urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. The urinary bladder is under the control of the nervous system. This helps us to control the urge to urinate.
The excretory system is the system of an organism's body that performs the function of excretion, the bodily process of discharging wastes. The Excretory system is responsible for the elimination of wastes produced by homeostasis. ... From there, urine is expelled through the urethra and out of the body.
please mark answer as the brainlist answer please because I need brainlist answer please