Question

Explain sclera the part of human eye

Answer 1

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Sclera
The sclera,[help 1] also known as the white of the eye, is the opaque, fibrous, protective, outer layer of the human eye containing mainly collagen and some elastic fiber.[2] In humans, the whole sclera is white, contrasting with the coloured iris, but in other mammals the visible part of the sclera matches the colour of the iris, so the white part does not normally show. In the development of the embryo, the sclera is derived from the neural crest.[3] In children, it is thinner and shows some of the underlying pigment, appearing slightly blue. In the elderly, fatty deposits on the sclera can make it appear slightly yellow. Many people with dark skin have naturally darkened sclerae, the result of melanin pigmentation.

●Sclera

The sclera, as separated from the cornea by the corneal limbus.
Details
Part of
Eye
System
Visual system
Artery
anterior ciliary arteries, long posterior ciliary arteries, short posterior ciliary arteries

The human eye is relatively rare for having an iris that is small enough for its position to be plainly visible against the sclera. This makes it easier for one individual to infer where another individual is looking, and the cooperative eye hypothesis suggests this has evolved as a method of nonverbal communication.


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Answer 2

$\textbf{The Human Eye }$:

Human eye is the most important organ. It is used to see the beautiful nature and the natural phenomena. The human eye works on the refraction of light through a natural convex lens made of transparent living material and enable us to see things around us.

$\textbf{The main parts of human eye are }$:

Cornea, Iris, Pupil, Ciliary muscles, eye lens, retina and optic nerves.

1. $\textbf{Cornea}$:

It is transparent part of eye and allow the light to enter in the eyes, it is the outermost part of the eye.

2. $\textbf{Iris}$:

It is a circular diaphragm having a hole in it's centre. This hole is called $\textbf{pupil}$. The circular diapragm has muscles and coloured pigments. The colour of an eye depends on the colour of these pigments. The function of iris is to control the amount of light entering the eye through the pupil. The pupil becomes small when bright light falls on the eye but it becomes wide when there is dim light.

4.$\textbf{Ciliary Muscles }$:

These muscles hold the eye lens in position. It controls the focal length of eye lens. When these muscles contracts the focal length of the lens increases when they expands they exerts pressure on the lens and decreases focal length.

5. $\textbf{Retina}$:

It acts as a screen to obtain the image of object. It contains number of cells in the form of rods and cones which are sensitive towards light. These cells convert light energy to into nerve impulses or signals.

6. $\textbf{ Optic Nerves }$:

Optic nerve is found by the nerve fibres coming from the retina. It transfers nerve impulses to the brain.

$\textbf{Working of the eye }$:

When will look towards an object light from the object enters the pupil of the eye and falls on the eyelens. The lens forms a real and inverted image on the retina of the eye. The retina of the eye contains special cells in the shape of rods and cones. These cells convert light energy into electrical signals. These electrical signals carried to the brain through the optic nerves.