explain stress and strain
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Stress is defined as the force experienced by the object which causes a change in the object while a strain is defined as the change in the shape of an object when stress is applied. Stress is measurable and has a unit while a strain is a dimensionless quantity and has no unit.
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stress
It is the ratio of the internal force F, produced when the substance is deformed, to the area A over which this force acts. In equilibrium, this force is equal in magnitude to the externally applied force. In other words,
Types of Stress
- Normal stress: It is the restoring force per unit area perpendicular to the surface of the body. It is of two types: tensile and compressive stress.
- (Tangential stress: When the elastic restoring force or deforming force acts parallel to the surface area, the stress is called tangential stress.
Strain
It is the ratio of the change in size or shape to the original size or shape. It has no dimensions, it is just a number.
Types of Strain
- Longitudinal strain: If the deforming force produces a change in length alone, the strain produced in the body is called longitudinal strain or tensile strain.
- Volumetric strain: If the deforming force produces a change in volume alone, the strain produced in the body is called volumetric strain.
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