Explain the decision of the Congress of Vienna
Answers
The Congress of Vienna. The Congress of Vienna was convened in 1815 by the four European powers which had defeated Napoleon. The first goal was to establish a new balance of power in Europe which would prevent imperialism within Europe, such as the Napoleonic empire, and maintain the peace between the great powers.
Answer:
In 1815, representatives of the European powers - Britain, Russia, Prussia and Austria - who had collectively defeated Napoleon, met at Vienna to draw up a settlement for Europe. The Congress was hosted by the Austrian Chancellor Duke Metternich. The delegates drew up the Treaty of Vienna of 1815 with the object of undoing most of the changes that had come about in Europe during the Napoleonic wars. The following are the main clauses of the Treaty of Vienna :
• The Bourbon Dynasty, which had been deposed during the French Revolution, was restored to power, and France lost the territories it had annexed under Napoleon.
• A series of states were set up on the boundaries of France to prevent French expansion in future.
• Thus the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which included the Belgium, was set up in north and Genoa was added to Piedmont in the south.
• Prussia was given important new territories on its western frontiers, while Austria was given control of northern Italy that is territories including Lombardy and Venetia.
• The German confederation of 39 states that had been set up by Napoleon was left untouched.
• In the east, Russia was given a part of Poland while Prussia was given a portion of Saxony. Thus Poland was divided between Russia, Prussia and Austria.
• The main intention was to restore the monarchies that had been overthrown by Napoleon, and create a new conservative order in Europe.