Explain the different Revenue system
Answers
Answer:
BEFORE INDEPENDENCE:
Tax from the land was a major source of revenue for the kings and emperors from ancient times. But the ownership pattern of land had witnessed changes over centuries. During Kingship, land was divided into Jagirs, Jagirs were alloted to Jagirdars, these Jagirdars split the land they got and allocated to sub-ordinate Zamindars. Zamindars made peasants cultivate the land, in-return collected part of their revenue as tax.
AFTER INDEPENDENCE:
Zamindari Abolition Act was passed by UP, Tamil Nadu, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, etc. Surplus lands were confiscated from zamindars. Later Land Ceilings Act was passed by different states, fixing an upper limit for private land holdings of a family.
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Answer:
A government's revenue system is the entire means by which a government acquires funding. The term system implies that relationships exist among the components and that the whole set of revenue-raising measures can be considered as a group. This report uses the terms tax system and revenue system partly as shorthand for "all the means of raising taxes (or revenue) that a government happens to use." But the term also means more than that here.
Revenue measures have an effect on each other; a state income tax, for example, is likely to make an allowance, directly or indirectly, for the taxpayer's property tax. In addition, many states make use of both sales and income taxes in part because the tendency of sales taxes to be regressive is balanced by the tendency of income taxes to be progressive. The use of both allows for lower rates for both than would be likely if the state relied on only one of them. Policymakers thus can use different revenue measures to offset the disadvantages of particular taxes or changes. Whatever goals of equity, economic impact, and effect on behavior policymakers may try to reach, they can do so more easily with a revenue system than with individual revenue measures.
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