Explain the different types of covid 19 test? rtPCR is regarded as gold standard. Why?
Answers
Explanation:
As India continues to reopen despite now being in the world’s top five for confirmed Covid-19 cases, low-cost and efficient testing is vital. While RT-PCR is considered the gold standard for testing, researchers are developing novel testing kits that are faster and more accurate than RT-PCR.
RESULTS FROM MOST ACCURATE TEST CAN TAKE 24 HOURS
The most widely-used test is reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), recommended as the gold standard by World Health Organization (WHO) and Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR). RT-PCR “amplifies” DNA, multiplying genetic material into large enough quantities to analyse. The sample is placed in a PCR machine, which uses cycles of heating and cooling to help ‘reagents’ amplify the target DNA into millions of copies. A fluorescent dye is added — the dye glows if the result is positive. In lab conditions, RT-PCR is almost 100% accurate.
The entire process, from sample collection to results, can take 24 hours or even days — running the PCR machine is expensive and labs generally test large batches at once to reduce costs. The machine alone can take 4-8 hours to process samples.
But, though it is time consuming, RT-PCR is still the most accurate technique and health agencies worldwide have been reluctant in recommending the alternatives currently available, most of which are also not being manufactured at the same scale as RT-PCR kits.
IN INDIA, INADEQUATE INFRASTRUCTURE ADDS TO DELAYS
Though running a single batch of samples takes just 4-8 hours, India is seeing a much longer processing time. A considerable hurdle is the lack of lab facilities and technicians — only so many accredited labs in India have the right machinery and trained staff to conduct testing at a large scale. Collecting samples quickly isn’t enough — they have to be sent to the nearest accredited lab, too, which can be time consuming.
Answer:
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Explanation:
The most widely-used test is reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), recommended as the gold standard by World Health Organization (WHO) and Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR). RT-PCR “amplifies” DNA, multiplying genetic material into large enough quantities to analyse. The sample is placed in a PCR machine, which uses cycles of heating and cooling to help ‘reagents’ amplify the target DNA into millions of copies. A fluorescent dye is added — the dye glows if the result is positive. In lab conditions, RT-PCR is almost 100% accurate.
The entire process, from sample collection to results, can take 24 hours or even days — running the PCR machine is expensive and labs generally test large batches at once to reduce costs. The machine alone can take 4-8 hours to process samples.