explain the different ways of heating and cooling and of the atmosphere ?
Answers
Heating and Cooling of atmosphere
There are various ways of heating and cooling of the atmosphere.
The earth after being warmed by insolation transfers the heat to the atmospheric layers in long wave form.
Conduction
The air in interaction with the land gets heated gradually and the upper layers in touch with the lower layers also get heated. This process is called conduction.
This process takes place when two bodies of uneven temperature are in contact with one another, there is a flow of energy from the warmer to the cooler body.
The heat transfer continues until both the bodies reach the same temperature or the contact is interrupted.
This process is significant in heating the lower layers of the atmosphere.
Convection
The air in contact with the earth upsurges vertically on heating in the form of currents and transfers the heat of the atmosphere.
This vertical heating of the atmosphere is known as convection.
The convective transfer of energy is limited only to the troposphere.
Advection
The transfer of heat through horizontal movement of air is called advection.
Horizontal movement of the air is comparatively more significant than the vertical movement.
Most of the diurnal variation in weather is caused by advection only in the middle latitudes.
During summer in tropical regions predominantly in Northern India, local winds called ‘loo’ is the result of advection process.
Answer:
The atmosphere is heated or cooled by the following processes which have been briefly discussed here:
(1) Partial absorption of solar radiation by the atmosphere
(2) Conduction
(3) Terrestrial radiation
(4) Convection and advection
(5) Latent heat of condensation
(6) Expansion and compression of the air.
Explanation:
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