Question

explain the extent of land degradation in india at present

Answer 1

There are about 130 million hectares of degraded land in India. Approximately, 28 per cent of it belongs to the category of forest degraded area, 56 per cent of it is water eroded area and the rest is affected by saline and alkaline deposits.


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Answer 2

Land is an important natural resource, which provides food, fuel, fodder and timber to us. Unfortunately the land has been exploited and abused mercilessly from centuries resulting in the enhanced rate of land degradation. Land degradation means loss in the capacity of a given land to support growth of useful plants on a sustained basis. Land degradation is a big loss to economy as the land loses its production potential and gets converted into wastelands. Hence shrinking of land resource base is a big problem before developing country like India. The per capita man land ratio in India is hardly about 0.48 hectare, which is lowest in the world.

Types of land degradation:

Land degradation is categorized into three types i.e. (i) Physical degradation (ii) Biological degradation (iii) Chemical degradation. Physical degradation refers to deterioration in physical properties of soil whereas biological degradation refers to reduction in soil organic matter, decline in biomass carbon and decrease in activity and diversity of soil fauna. Chemical degradation is basically due to the nutrient depletion.

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