Question

explain the factor responsible for the downfall of cotton textile industry of India in the 19th century

Answer 1

1. Mills and factories increased in Britain due to industrialisation. They feared that the imports from India would affect them adversely. So they lobbied and wielded pressure on the government to stop importing cotton textiles from India and also pressurized the East India Company to urge the Indian farmers to grow cotton and supply cotton to mills in Britain. The East India Company also promoted British mill cloth in Indian markets.

2. The factory made cotton textiles was far cheaper than the textiles made from traditional weavers and artisans in India and so captured the market.

3. The Indian weavers could also not gain access cheap cotton from farmers. When the American Civil War broke out, the supply of cotton from the New World was cut-off and the British mills had to depend almost entirely on the Indian cotton growers. This created a shortage of supply to Indian weavers and the prices of raw cotton was exorbitant and so by 1860s, the Indian cotton textile industry was very hugely affected.

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Answer 2

Manchester good imports flooded in Indian market. During American war the America buyied cotton from India Making the deficiency for weavers and hence increased prices..the Manchester goods were cheap than Indian., Monopoly rights and guild laws made it difficult to trade with Indian weavers hence Indian lost their home market.