Question

Explain the factors that causes changes in the size of population

Answer 1

The factors that cause changes in the size of population are :

(i) The main cause of high rate of growth of the Indian population is the widening gap between the birth rate and death rate.

(a) The death rate has fallen because of improved medical facilities, increasing public health measures and control of epidemics like small pox, plague, etc.

(b) Birth rate continues to be high due to early marriages, lack of education, ineffective birth control measures, etc.

(c) Migration is the movement of people across regions. Migration from rural to urban areas is mainly due to rising population in rural areas and lack of demand of labour in agriculture, employment opportunities and better living standards in urban areas. Expansion of
industrial and service sectors in the urban areas has resulted in the growth of population in towns and cities. There are now 35 cities in India with a population of one million and above (millions plus cities)

Answer 2

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The birth rate and the death rate are two factors that influence population change.

1. The birth rate isthe number of live births per 1000

people while the death rate isthe number of deaths per 1000 people.

2. These are the natural causes of population change.

3. When the birth rate is higher than the death rate, population increases.

4. When the death rate is more than the birth rate, population decreases. When the two rates are equal, the population remains constant. Thus, the birth and death rates affect the balance of population.

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