Explain the following reactions with one example for each giving relevant chemical equations : (a) Hydrogenation reaction, (b) Oxidation reaction, (c) Substitution reaction, (d) Combustion reaction, (e) Saponification reaction.
Answers
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hydrogenation
The process of hydrogenation involves the use of hydrogen molecules to saturate organic compounds, in the presence of a catalyst. Catalysts are species that are used to speed up the rate of a reaction without being consumed during the process. Keep in mind that catalysts are essential to running this reaction. Common catalysts used during hydrogenation are metals such as nickel and platinum.
oxidation
Oxidation reactions occur when the reactant loses electrons and may involve the addition of oxygen or the loss of hydrogen
3 C + 2 Fe 2 O 3 → 4 Fe + 3 CO 2
substitution
Substitution reaction, any of a class of chemical reactions in which an atom, ion, or group of atoms or ions in a molecule is replaced by another atom, ion, or group. An example is the reaction in which the chlorine atom in the chloromethane molecule is displaced by the hydroxide ion, forming methanol
Combustion reaction
A combustion reaction is a major class of chemical reactions, commonly referred to as "burning." Combustion usually occurs when a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water
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