explain the formation and features of each type of Rock
Answers
Answer:
The three main types, or classes, of rock are sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous and the differences among them have to do with how they are formed. Sedimentary rocks are formed from particles of sand, shells, pebbles, and other fragments of material. Together, all these particles are called sediment.
Hi,
There are three classic types of rock: Sedimentary, Metamorphic and Igneous
Sedimentary:
Formation: Sedimentary rocks are formed when sediment is deposited out of air, ice, wind, gravity, or water flows carrying the particles in suspension. This sediment is often formed when weathering and erosion break down a rock into loose material in a source area.
Features of Sedimentary rock:
- Bedding
- Graded beds are common when a sediment is being deposited by a slow‐moving current.
- Fossils.
- Desiccation cracks and ripple marks.
Metamorphic:
Formation: Metamorphic rocks are created by the physical or chemical alteration by heat and pressure of an existing igneous or sedimentary material into a denser form.
Features of Metamorphic Rock:
- Introduction. Metamorphism involves the alteration of existing rocks by either excessive heat and pressure, or through the chemical action of fluids.
- Heat and Metamorphism. Heat is an important agent in the metamorphic modification of rock.
- Pressure
- Chemical Action of Fluids
Igneous:
Formation: igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma. As hot, molten rock rises to the surface, it undergoes changes in temperature and pressure that cause it to cool, solidify, and crystallize.
Features of Igneous rocks:
- Normally contains no fossils.
- Rarely reacts with acid.
- Usually has no layering.
- Usually made of two or more minerals.
- May be light or dark colored.
- Usually made of mineral crystals of different sizes.
- Sometimes has openings or glass fibers.
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