Explain the formation of British nation 5 marks
Answers
The transformation of Great Britain into a nation state was not a sudden process. There was no one British nation before the eighteenth century.
People residing in British Isles were mainly English, Welsh and Scots or Irish. These were the ethnic groups with distinct political and social traditions.
As the English nation grew in wealth and power, it began to dominate the other islands.
In 1688, the English Parliament seized power from the monarchy. The Parliament passed the Act of Union, 1707, by which England and Scotland were unified resulting into the formation of the ‘United Kingdom of Great Britain’.
The Parliament was dominated by the English and the political and cultural identities of the Scots were systematically suppressed. The Catholics in Scotland were brutally suppressed whenever they wanted to regain their independence.
Ireland was inhabited by the Protestants and the Catholics. The English supported the Protestants and established their rule with their help and support. Catholics, who constituted majority in Ireland were revolted against the British on numerous occasions but were suppressed.
Ireland forcibly became a part of Britain in 1801. The English language dominated and both Scotland and Ireland were only subordinate to England.
The idea of nation was expressed in various forms by the artists and the painters. Most of the nations were portrayed as the female figures. The female figure became an allegory of the nation. In France, ‘Marianne’ and ‘Germania’ in Germany became the allegory of a nation.
Hey Mate,
The process of unification of Britain:
1. Before the eighteenth century, there were different ethnic identities with its own culture and politics-English, Welsh, Scot, and Irish.
2. As the English nation's wealth and power increased, its influence over other island nations also increased.
3. English Parliament had taken the power from the monarchy in 1688 after a long conflict. It became an instrument in building the nation-state of Britain, with England at its center.
4. United Kingdom of Britain was established through the Act of Union in 1707 between England and Scotland.
5. Scotland eventually got suppressed by the English politically and culturally as the British Parliament was dominated by the English.
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