Explain the formation of rainbow?
Answers
Answer:
A rainbow is a meteorological phenomenon that is caused by reflection, refraction and dispersion of light in water droplets resulting in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky. It takes the form of a multicoloured circular arc. Rainbows caused by sunlight always appear in the section of sky directly opposite the sun
By following steps this can be explained :-
1. Sun Rays Strikes Raindrop
Light from the sun hits the water droplets at a certain angle. This is why the rainbows forms mostly during dawn or late afternoon since it provide the ideal angle to form the rainbow. The angle formed is very important since it determines whether the rainbow will be formed or not. When the angle is not appropriate, we are then not able to see the rainbow.
2. Some of sunlight is reflected
When the rays from the sun hits or comes into contact with droplets of water, the light from the sun is reflected. In the process, a number of things take place whereby the light obeys the law of reflection.
3. Rest of Light Gets Refracted
The light that was not refracted crosses the boundary of air and water, causing a slow speed since water is denser than air. This reduction of speed makes the path of the light to bend, which is called refraction. This is why the rainbow is always curved/bent.
4. Light Splits Into Different Colors
The dispersion of colors follows as a result of different in speed. Since wavelength travel at different speed, this brings about the dispersion of colors and that is why rainbow has got different colors.
5. Lights Gets Reflected Behind the Rain Drop
When light hits water-air interface at the rear of raindrop, it forms an angle. If by any chance the angle is greater, reflection occurs, a reason why we will be able to see the rainbow. On the other hand, if the angle is lesser than the critical angle, the rainbow formed will not be visible.
6. More Refraction Takes Place
As the light leaves the raindrop, it changes the speed. Since at this point light is moving away from a denser to less dense medium, the speed is thus enhanced. The increase in the speed causes the light waves to bend. This is a refraction which contributes to the shaping of the rainbow
7. Color Forms With More Dispersion
The rays gets more refracted which enhances the distinct formation of the rainbow colors. With more separation and refraction, the distinct colors and shape of the rainbow is visible with dispersion.
This is how the rainbow forms. Remember, all the steps as indicated above leads to the next step until the end product of having a visible rainbow.
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