explain the function of auxin and cytokinin in plants
Answers
Plant hormones are called as phytohormones. Auxins, Cytokinins are such plant hormones. These are the organic substances which are produced in the plants.They bring about total control over growth and other physiological functions in the organism. These hormones are otherwise called as growth regulators.
Plants do not have any nervous system to conduct impulses from outside or inside the organism. But they can also maintain control and coordination in other ways. This coordination is mainly done by chemical substances called as phytohormones.
##*Auxins help in cell division, cell elongation and growth
#Auxins play an important role in phototropism. Auxin is a plant growth hormone. When light falls on one side of a plant, the auxins move to the dark side of the plant. The hormones stimulate the cells on the dark side of the plant to elongate, while the cells on the light side of the plant remain the same. This elongation on one side and staying the same on the other causes the plant to bend in the direction of the light.
*##Cytokinins help in cell division, formation of fruits and seeds.
Functions of cytokinin:
1. Cell division: These are found in a higher amount where rapid division is going on.
2. Morphogenesis: Cytokinins promotes cell division and in the presence of auxin, it promote cell division even in the meristematic tissues. In tissue culture, mitotic division are accelerated when both auxin and cytokinin are present. The ratio of high cytokinin and low auxin promote shoot buds in tissue culture.
3. Apical dominance: Cytokinin and auxin acts antagonistically in the control of apical dominance.
4. Delay in senescence: It delay the senescence of plant organs by controlling protein synthesis and mobilization of resources. This phenomenon is called the Richmond Lang effect. They helps to produce chloroplast in leaves. These are also called anti-ageing hormones.
5. Flowering: It helps in inducing flowering in certain species of plants like Lemna and Wolffia.
6. It promotes phloem transport.
7. It also promotes accumulation of salts in the cells.
8. It promotes production of female flowers.
9. It increases the resistance to low and high temperature and diseases.
1) Promotes stem elongation and inhibit growth of buds.
2)They are produced in the stem,buds and root tips.
3) IT help in maintaining apical dominance.
4)It prevent plant to be bushier
5)it helps in phototropism,a plant movement.
6)It helps the cell to grow larger.
*cytokinin
1) They promote cell division
2) Zeaton,a hormone,is present in it
3) They are produced in the growing areas such as tip of the shoot