Explain the function of human heart qith diagram for class 10
Answers
* It is a four chambered structure consisting - the right auricle , the left auricle , right ventricle and left ventricle.
* The Auricles are smaller and placed above the ventricles. Auricles are partitioned by a muscular called septum.
* The right auricle receives the deoxygenated blood from all parts of the body except the lungs. It pumps this blood into the right ventricle. Then , the right ventricle pumps the deoxygenated blood to the lungs. The left auricle receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through pulmonary veins. It pumps this blood into the left ventricle. The left ventricle pumps the oxygenated blood to the distant organs in the body.
* Each auricle communicates with the ventricle of its side by a pore which is guarded by valves. These valves allow the blood to flow from the auricles to the ventricles but check its return to the auricles. Thus , the heart there is a complete separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. The heart is enclosed in a double membrane called pericardium. It contains fluid which protects the heart from any shock or mechanical injury.
*The heart collects blood through both the auricles and then distributes it through ventricles. The action of heart includes contraction and relaxation of the auricles and ventricles.
* A contraction of heart is called systole and diastole. The contraction and relaxation occur in an automatic rhythmic fashion. The auricles and ventricles contract alternately. The rhythmic contraction and relaxation of heart is called a heart beat.
Answer:
The heart is an organ that pumps blood throughout the body. It comprises four chambers:
Atria (upper chambers)
Ventricles (lower chambers)
The wall of the heart is made up of three layers:
Epicardium- This is a protective layer made of connective tissues.
Myocardium- This layer forms the heart muscles.
Endocardium- This is the innermost layer and protects the valves and the heart.

A muscular wall known as the septum separates the two sides of the heart. The heart is encased in the pericardium that protects the heart and fastens it inside the chest. The outer and inner layers of the pericardium are filled with pericardial fluid that lubricates the heart during the contractions of the lungs and the diaphragm.
Function of Heart
The heart performs the following important functions:
The primary function of the heart is to pump blood throughout the body.
It supplies oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and removes carbon dioxide and wastes from the blood.
It also helps to maintain adequate blood pressure throughout the body.
The heart functions in the following ways:
The arteries receive oxygenated blood from the heart and supply it throughout the body. Whereas, the veins carry the deoxygenated blood form all the body parts to the heart for oxygenation.
The right atrium receives blood from the veins and pumps it to the right ventricle.
The right ventricle pumps the blood received from the right atrium to the lungs.
The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the left ventricle.
The left ventricle pumps the oxygenated blood throughout the body.
Improper functioning of the heart results in heart diseases such as angina pectoris, congestive heart failure, cardiomyopathy, cardiac arrest, etc.

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