Question

Explain the invention of various scientists.



explain mainimum 7 scientists and their experiments ​

Answer 1

Albert Einstein

Photon, also known as light quantum, is a tiny energy packet of electromagnetic radiation. This concept originated in Albert Einstein’s explanation of the photoelectric effect, in which he proposed the existence of discrete energy packets during the transmission of light. Albert Einstein was best known for his General and Special theory of relativity and the concept of mass-energy equivalence (E = mc2.)

J.J Thomson



J.J Thomson, an English physicist and a Nobel Laureate in Physics, is credited and honoured with the discovery of the electron, which was the first subatomic particles to be discovered. Thomson managed to show that cathode rays were composed of previously unknown negatively charged particles (electrons), which he calculated and inferred might have smaller bodies than atoms and a substantial charge-mass ratio. He is also credited for finding the first evidence for the existence of isotopes for stable elements.

Ernest Rutherford



Ernest Rutherford, a Zealand chemist is regarded as the “father of nuclear physics.” He was the first to propose that an atom comprises a small charged nucleus surrounded by empty space and are circled by tiny electrons which later, became known as the Rutherford model. He is credited with the discovery of protons and hypothesized the existence of the neutron.

John Dalton



John Dalton’s major contribution was his theory on atoms which consists of five parts as follows:

Atoms are made of tiny particles known as atoms

Atoms are indivisible and indestructible

Atoms of a given element are identical in size, mass, and chemical properties

In a chemical reaction, atoms separate, combine and rearrange

Dalton made a lot of discoveries based on his observations.

James Chadwick



James Chadwick, a British physicist, was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1935 for his discovery of the neutron. Bombarding elements with neutron can result in the penetration and splitting of nuclei generating an enormous amount of energy. This way, Chadwick’s findings were pivotal to the discovery of nuclear fission and ultimately, the development of the atomic bomb.

Isaac Newton



Isaac Newton’s discoveries created a launchpad for future developments in science. His most noteworthy innovations were as follows:

Newton’s three laws of motion set the foundation for modern classical mechanics.

The discovery of gravitational force gave us the ability to predict the movement of heavenly bodies.

His discovery of the calculus gave us a potent mathematical tool, aiding the precise analytical treatment of the physical world.

Isaac Newton is one of the greatest mathematicians and physicists of all time, and his inventions and discoveries widened the reach of human thoughts.

Charles-Augustin de Coulomb



Charles-Augustin de Coulomb is best known for what now is known as the Coulomb’s law, which explains the electrostatic attraction and repulsion. He formulated this law to study the law of electrostatic repulsion put forward by the English scientist Joseph Priestley. He also extensively worked on the friction of machinery, the elasticity of metal and silk fibres. The SI unit of electric charge – Coulomb, is named after him.

Georg Simon Ohm



Georg Simon Ohm, a German Physicist, discovered the law named after him, known as the “Ohm’s Law” which states that the current flowing a conductor is directly proportional to its voltage and inversely proportional to its resistance.

 

Michael Faraday



Faraday was a man devoted to discovery through experimentation. He was famous for never giving up on ideas that came from scientific intuition. When he thought of an idea, he would keep experimenting through multiple failures until he got what was expected. Below is the list of his few noteworthy discoveries:

Discovery of Electromagnetic Induction

Discovery of Benzene

Faraday’s Laws of Electrolysis

Gas Liquefication and Refrigeration

Michael Faraday is one of the revered scientists of all time.

Answer 2

Isaac Newton - During Newton's formative years, it was common place for the young man to develop various devices while attending school. His devotion to studies and high marks in school were impressive to many. Although his mother attempted to make a farmer of him by removing young Isaac from school, the schoolmaster and his uncle suggested to his mother that he return to school to finish his education. Isaac Newton attended Cambridge University upon finishing school in 1661. He developed a variety of scientific methods and discoveries including those in optics and colors.

Albert Einstein - In his younger years, Albert Einstein had always shown a great interest in mathematics and science. Einstein attended the Swiss Federal Polytechnic examinations in Zurich. Although his scores were below standard in many of the required subjects, his mathematics and physics skills were exceptionally high. From there, Albert Einstein attended Aargau Cantonal School in Aarau, Switzerland where he graduated with passing grades in some subjects and receiving the highest grade scale possible in mathematics and physics. His theories have laid the ground work for many scientists of today and is most notable for the Theory of Relativity

Galileo Galilei - While at the University of Pisa studying for a medical degree at the age of 17, Galileo Galilei became enthralled with how movements of air currents could cause a chandelier to sway in a rhythmic pattern. Setting up a set of differentiating pendulums, Galileo discovered that regardless of the size difference the pendulums kept time with each other. The young man changed his degree from medical sciences to mathematics after attending a lecture on geometry. A the age of 22, Galileo published a book on the design of a hydrostatic balance he had invented.

4. Aristotle - In the 3rd Century BCE, Aristotle had made great contributions to nearly every subject of study. At the age of 18, he attended Plato's Academy where he studied nearly every subject offered at the time. For 20 years he remained at the Academy until eventually quitting. With his vast knowledge of subject material, Aristotle had completed encyclopedias of information opening the doors for many.