explain the major power of president and describe the current government strategy of power elevation
Answers
1. Executive powers
1.All executive actions of GOI are taken in his name
2.He appoints PM and other ministers and they hold office during his pleasure
3.He appoints attorney general(AG), CAG,CEC and other election commissioners, chairman and members of UPSC, Governors and so on
4.He directly administers UTs through administrators appointed by him
5.He appoints inter- state council to promote cooperation
6.He can declare any area as scheduled area and has powers with respect to the administration of scheduled areas and tribal areas.
2. Legislative powers
1.He can summon or prorogue the Parliament and can dissolve the Lok Sabha.
2.He can summon the joint sitting of both the houses of Parliament which is presided by the speaker of the Lok Sabha
3.He nominates 12 members to the Rajya Sabha from amongst persons having special knowledge or practical experience in Literature ,science, art and social service
4.He can nominate 2 members to Lok Sabha from Anglo Indian community
5.he can promulgate Ordinance when the parliament is not in session
6.He lays reports of CAG, UPSC, finance commission and others before the parliament
7.He decides on questions as to disqualification of MPs in consultation with the EC
8.He has veto powers under article 111(like absolute veto, suspensive veto and pocket veto)
9.He may give his assent to bill
10.Withold his assent to the bill
11.Return the bill
3. Financial powers
1.Money bill can be introduced in the Parliament only with his prior recommendations
2.He causes to be laid before the parliament the union budget
3.He constitutes a finance commission after every 5yrs
4. Judicial powers
1.Appoints the chief justice and the judges of supreme court and high courts
2.Can seek advice from the Supreme Court on any question of law or fact but the advice tendered by the supreme court is not binding on the president
3.He can grant pardon,reprieve, respite,remit and commute the punishment of any person
5. Diplomatic powers
1.International treaties and agreement are negotiated and concluded on behalf of the president subject to the approval of parliament
2.He represents India at international forums and sends and receives diplomats
6. Military powers
1.He is the supreme commander of defence forces
2.He appoints the chiefs of defence forces
3.Can declare war or conclude peace subject to approval of parliament
7. Emergency powers
1.Can declare national emergency under article 352
2.Can declare president's rule in states under article 356
3.Can declare financial emergency under article 360
The current Anti-poverty strategy of the government has a two - prolonged approaches i.e. promotion of economic growth and targeted anti poverty programmes.
To enable the poor to take advantage of this economic growth,the government has formulated several anti poverty Shechemes to affect poverty directly or indirectly.
1. PMRY = Prime Minister Rojgar Yojana.
2.REGP = Rural Employment Generation Programme.
3.SGSY = Swaranjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana.
4.PMGY = Pradhan MANTRI Gramodaya Yojana.
5.AAY = Antyodana Anna Yojana.
6.NEWP = National food for work programme.
7.NREGA = National rural employment guarantee act.
These are some anti schemes of the government.
There is also a proposal for establishing national and State employment guarantee funds. Hence, the major emphasis in recent years has been on proper implementation and monitoring of all the poverty alleviation programmes.
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