explain the meaning of sampling survey. what are its advantages and disadvantages?
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A sample survey is a process for collecting data on a sample of observations which are selected from the population of interest using a probability-based sample design. In sample surveys, certain methods are often used to improve the precision and control the costs of survey data collection. These methods introduce a complexity to the analysis, which must be accounted for in order to produce unbiased estimates and their associated levels of precision. This entry provides a brief introduction to the impact these design complexities have on the sampling variance and summarizes the characteristics and availability of software to carry out analysis on sample survey data.
ADVANTAGES
Simple random sampling is a method used to cull a smaller sample size from a larger population and use it to research and make generalizations about the larger group. It is one of several methods statisticians and researchers use to extract a sample from a larger population; other methods include stratified random sampling and probability sampling. The advantages of a simple random sampleinclude its ease of use and its accurate representation of the larger population.
DISADVANTAGES
They depend on subjects’ motivation, honesty, memory, and ability to respond. Subjects may not be aware of their reasons for any given action. They may have forgotten their reasons. They may not be motivated to give accurate answers, in fact, they may be motivated to give answers that present themselves in a favorable light.
Surveys are not appropriate for studying complex social phenomena. The individual is not the best unit of analysis in these cases. Surveys do not give a full sense of social processes and the analysis seems superficial.
Structured surveys, particularly those with closed ended questions, may have low validity when researching affective variables.
Survey samples are usually self-selected, and therefore non-probability samples from which the characteristics of the population sampled cannot be inferred
ADVANTAGES
Simple random sampling is a method used to cull a smaller sample size from a larger population and use it to research and make generalizations about the larger group. It is one of several methods statisticians and researchers use to extract a sample from a larger population; other methods include stratified random sampling and probability sampling. The advantages of a simple random sampleinclude its ease of use and its accurate representation of the larger population.
DISADVANTAGES
They depend on subjects’ motivation, honesty, memory, and ability to respond. Subjects may not be aware of their reasons for any given action. They may have forgotten their reasons. They may not be motivated to give accurate answers, in fact, they may be motivated to give answers that present themselves in a favorable light.
Surveys are not appropriate for studying complex social phenomena. The individual is not the best unit of analysis in these cases. Surveys do not give a full sense of social processes and the analysis seems superficial.
Structured surveys, particularly those with closed ended questions, may have low validity when researching affective variables.
Survey samples are usually self-selected, and therefore non-probability samples from which the characteristics of the population sampled cannot be inferred
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In statistical terms, the method used to choose a sample of things from a targeted population for taking surveys is known as 'Sampling survey'.
Advantages of Survey Sampling:
- After sampling the target population, a small amount of population is chosen to conduct survey. Thus, minimum cost is required.
- Accurate and precise results.
- Less amount of work involved.
- Sampling error is reduced in probability sampling technique, thus representativeness of the population is increased.
Disadvantages of Survey Sampling:
- Non-probability survey sampling has difficulty in measuring the bias.
- Non-probability survey sampling tend to see failures in representing the target population.
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