Explain the mechanism of breathing in human beings.
Answers
The action of breathing in and out is due to changes of pressure within the thorax, in comparison with the outside. This action is also known as external respiration. When we inhale the intercostal muscles (between the ribs) and diaphragm contract to expand the chest cavity.
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Answer:
In humans, air is taken into the body through the nostrils. The air passing through the nostrils is filtered by fine hairs that line the passage. The passage is also lined with mucus. From here, the air passes through the throat and into the lungs. Rings of cartilage are present in throat, these ensure that air passage doesn't collapse.
Within the lungs, the passage divides into smaller and smaller tubes which finally terminate into balloon-like structures called alveoli. The alveoli provides a surface where the gases exchange takes place. The walls of alveoli contain an extensive network of blood vessels.
Air is sucked into the lungs and fills the expanded alveoli. The blood brings carbon dioxide from the rest of the body for release into the alveoli, and the oxygen in the alveolar air is taken up by blood in the alveolar blood vessels to be transported to all cells in the body.