Question

Explain the mechanism of breathing to human beings.

Answer 1

Movement of air in and out takes place due to the difference in pressure gradiant.Inspiration occurs when pressure inside the lungs is less and expiration occurs when pressure is more in tha lungs than outside.The diaphram, external and internal intercostal muscles between the ribs helps in developing pressure gradiant due to change in volume. The contraction of intercostal muscles lifts the ribs and sternum causing an increase in volume if thoracic cavity that results in the decrease of pressure than the atmospheric pressure to cause inspiration. Relaxation of diaphram and intercostal muscles reduces the thoracic volume and increases the pressure to cause expiration.

Answer 2

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The breathing in human beings takes place through the organs called lungs. The taking in of air rich in oxygen into the body during breathing is called 'inhalation' and giving out (or expelling) the air rich in carbon dioxide is called 'exhalation'. Both, inhalation and exhalation take place regularly during breathing.