Question

explain the mechanism of closing and opening of the stomata

Answer 1

Opening of stomata: Solutes from neighbouring epidermal and mesophyll cells enter the guard cells lowering its osmotic potential and water potential. This lowered water potential and osmotic potential will allow movement of water into guard cells from neighbouring cells. Guard cells become turgid due to water accumulation in them which results in the opening of the guard cells. 

Closing of stomata: As the somata open the solute concentration is reduced. This makes the water from the guard cells to move away into neighbouring cells. Now, guard cells becom flaccid with no water. They collapse against each other and result in the closing of stomata. 

Answer 2

The opening and closing of stomata is regulated by two cells called guard cells . the guard cells when filled with water the stomata opens that is when they swollen the stomata opens and when they shrinks that is when water goes out of the guard cells the stomata closes