Question

explain the mechanism of nitration of benzene for 3 marks please make it fast​

Answer 1

• Nitration happens when one (or more) of the hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring is replaced by a nitro group, NO2. Benzene is treated with a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulphuric acid at a temperature not exceeding 50°C.
• Benzene reacts with chlorine or bromine in an electrophilic substitution reaction, but only in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst is either aluminum chloride (or aluminum bromide if you are reacting benzene with bromine) or iron.

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