Question

Explain the newton 2 law of motion with example

Answer 1

Answer:

Force is equal to the rate of change of momentum. For a constant mass, force equals mass times acceleration.

Newton’s second law of motion pertains to the behaviour of objects for which all existing forces are not balanced. The second law informs us that the acceleration of an object depends on two variables – the net force acting on the body and the mass of the body. The acceleration of the body is directly proportional to force and inversely proportional to the mass. As a result, when the force acting on a body is increased, the acceleration increases. Likewise, when the mass of the body is increased, the acceleration decreases.

Newton’s second law can be formally stated as,

The acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

This statement is expressed in equation form as,

a = Fnet/m

The above equation is often rearranged to a more familiar form as shown below. The net force is equated to the product of the mass times the acceleration.

Component Form of Newton’s Second Law

According to Newton’s second law, the net force of an object is an influence of the environment, acceleration is the object’s response, and the strength of an object is inversely proportional to the mass of the object. So it can be said that larger the mass, smaller is the acceleration.

The vector equation of Newton’s second law of motion can be written as three component equations as follows:

Fx→=ma⃗ x

Fy→=ma⃗ y

Fz→=ma⃗ z

The second law is a description of how a body responds mechanically to its environment. The influence of the environment is the net force, the body’s response is the acceleration, and the strength of the response is inversely proportional to the mass m. The larger the mass of an object, the smaller its response (its acceleration) to the influence of the environment (a given net force). Therefore, a body’s mass is a measure of its inertia.

Answer 2

Newton's Second Law of Motion states that :

The rate of change of Momentum of an object is propotional to the applied force in the direction of force.

Example 1:

If there is a block of mass 2kg, and a force of 5N is acting on it in the positive x-direction, and a force of 3N in the negative x-direction, then what would be its acceleration?

Newton's 2nd Law

To calculate its acceleration, we first have to calculate the net force acting on it.

Fnet = 5N – 3N = 2N

Mass = 2kg

∴ Acceleration = 22  = 1 m/s2

Example 2:

How much horizontal net force is required to accelerate a 1000 kg car at 4 m/s2?

Solution:

Newton’s 2nd Law relates an object’s mass, the net force on it, and its acceleration:

Therefore, we can find the force as follows:

Fnet = ma

Substituting the values, we get

1000 kg × 4 m/s2 = 4000 N

Therefore, the horizontal net force is required to accelerate a 1000 kg car at 4 m/s2 is 4000 N.

Newton’s second law is applied in daily life to a great extent. For instance, in Formula One racing, the engineers try to keep the mass of cars as low as possible. Low mass will imply more acceleration, and the more the acceleration, the chances to win the race are higher.

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