Question

Explain the Principles of Scientific management given by Taylor.

Answer 1

SOLUTION :

The Principles of Scientific management given by Taylor are as follows :  

 

1. SCIENCE NOT RULE OF THUMB :  

Taylor suggested complete removal of the thumb rule , which was a traditional and outdated method ,based on intuition, trial and error and hit and missing technique. He favoured scientific enquiry, analysis and understanding to find out one best method of doing job. Such method would help in reducing wastage of material and human efforts and the energy so saved can be used for other productive purposes.

 

2. HARMONY NOT DISCORD :  

In organisations all the work usually performed in groups. All the people involved in a group must work in harmony with one another other than discord. The feeling of mutual understanding as well as give and take must be encouraged among the members. The management should share gains with the workers and workers must work to bring change for good of the company.

 

3. COOPERATION, NOT INDIVIDUALISM :  

Scientific management suggests that all individual should work in cooperation with one another. In order to bring cooperation among the workers, managers must involve them and their suggestions at the time of setting standards.

 

4. DEVELOPMENT OF EACH AND EVERY PERSON TO HIS OR HER GREATEST EFFICIENCY AND PROSPERITY :  

Efficiency in an organisation depend upon the calibre of the employees.The employee must be scientifically selected and they must be given the jobs according to their competencies, physical abilities and intellectual capabilities. Once they are appointed , they must be trained let them equip according to the expectation of the organisations. This will improve the efficiency level.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Principles of scientific management

1. Scientific methods not Rule of Thumb

Taylor advocated that traditional rule of thumb method should be replaced with scientific methods. At

every stage of work scientific methods should be adopted. This is the basic principle of scientific

management

2. Harmony, not discord

This principle emphasized that there should be complete harmony between management and workers.

To achieve this state, there should be a revolutionary change in the attitude of both workers and

managers. Taylor called it as ‘mental revolution’.

3. Co-operation, not individualism

This principle is an extension of principle of harmony, not discord. There should be complete

cooperation between labour and management instead of individualism. Both should realize that they

need each other.  

4. Development of each and every person to his/her greatest efficiency and prosperity

Industrial efficiency depends upon the efficiency of workers. Employees should be scientifically

selected. Work should be assigned to each to suit his physical, mental and intellectual capabilities.

Employees should be sent for training from time to update their knowledge. This will ensure greatest

efficiency and prosperity for both workers and management.  

Explanation: