Explain the regulation of respiration.Briefly!
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Respiration in the human body is regulated by the two mechanism
(1).Nervous mechanism
(2).Chemical mechanism
Nervous Mechanism:
It involves respiratory centres. Respiratory centres are present in medulla oblangata,which is responsible for collecting the sensory information related the level of oxygen as well as carbon dioxide present in the blood. and also determines the signals that needed by the respiratory muscles.
respiratory centres are again divided into two groups
(a)Medullar centres: Medullary centres also have two parts first is Inspiratory centres and the Expiratory centres.both the centres are located in medulla oblongata one is in the upper part and another is in the lower part respectively. the inspiratory centre is concerned with the inspiration when the quiet breathing is going on but the expiratory centre is active only during forced breathing.
(b)pontine centres:The pontine centre also have two parts pneumotaxic and Apneustic centre. Both the centres are located in the pons, first in the upper and the second in the lower pons respectively.The pneumotaxic centre controls the activity of respiratory centres.and Apneustic centre acts directly over the inspiratory centres and increases the depth of inspiration.
Chemical mechanism: The operation of chemical mechanism is done through the chemoreceptors.Chemoreceptors are the receptors that responses to the change in the chemical composition of the blood.
Chemoreceptors are again classified in two parts:
(a)Central chemoreceptors:As the name suggests central chemoreceptors are situated in the brain and are very sensitive to the change in hydrogen ion in the blood. and controls the composition of ions in the blood.
(b)Peripheral chemoreceptor's: Peripheral Chemoreceptor's are situated in the peripheral parts of the body They are very sensitive to the reduction oxygen's in the partial pressure
Respiration in the human body is regulated by the two mechanism
(1).Nervous mechanism
(2).Chemical mechanism
Nervous Mechanism:
It involves respiratory centres. Respiratory centres are present in medulla oblangata,which is responsible for collecting the sensory information related the level of oxygen as well as carbon dioxide present in the blood. and also determines the signals that needed by the respiratory muscles.
respiratory centres are again divided into two groups
(a)Medullar centres: Medullary centres also have two parts first is Inspiratory centres and the Expiratory centres.both the centres are located in medulla oblongata one is in the upper part and another is in the lower part respectively. the inspiratory centre is concerned with the inspiration when the quiet breathing is going on but the expiratory centre is active only during forced breathing.
(b)pontine centres:The pontine centre also have two parts pneumotaxic and Apneustic centre. Both the centres are located in the pons, first in the upper and the second in the lower pons respectively.The pneumotaxic centre controls the activity of respiratory centres.and Apneustic centre acts directly over the inspiratory centres and increases the depth of inspiration.
Chemical mechanism: The operation of chemical mechanism is done through the chemoreceptors.Chemoreceptors are the receptors that responses to the change in the chemical composition of the blood.
Chemoreceptors are again classified in two parts:
(a)Central chemoreceptors:As the name suggests central chemoreceptors are situated in the brain and are very sensitive to the change in hydrogen ion in the blood. and controls the composition of ions in the blood.
(b)Peripheral chemoreceptor's: Peripheral Chemoreceptor's are situated in the peripheral parts of the body They are very sensitive to the reduction oxygen's in the partial pressure
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The medulla oblongata is the primaryrespiratory control center. Its main function is to send signals to the muscles that control respiration to cause breathing to occur. There are two regions in the medulla that control respiration: The ventral respiratorygroup stimulates expiratory movements.
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