Question

Explain the reproduction in viruses. Also explain the role of membranes in the life of viruses. ​

Answer 1

$\bold{Answer\;:-}$

• Viruses did not find a place in classification since they are not ‘truly’ living. The viruses are non-cellular organisms that are characterized by having an inert crystalline structure outside the living cell. The name virus that means venom or poisonous fluid was given by Pasteur. A virus contains either RNA or DNA. It is a nucleoprotein which is able to utilise the synthetic machinery of a living cell of another organism for its multiplication and the genetic material is infectious.

• The role of membranes in the life of viruses : Viroporins are a group of proteins that get modified to form membranes.

a. It helps in protecting the infective part which using the metabolic machinery of the host cell for synthesis and assembly of viral components and the capsids with antigenic properties.

b. It helps in the entering of a particular nucleocapsid into the host cell.

c. The term capsid is a protein convering around genetic material with protein subunits (capsomeres) and antigenic properties.

• Reproduction in viruses : Let's take an example of replication of a retrovirus. Retrovirus has a viral RNA core and has a viral protein coat and when virus affect infects the normal cell, by entering through the plasma membrane of a normal cell viral RNA is introduced into the cell. Now, viral DNA is produced by reverse transcriptase in within the cytoplasm and viral DNA then gets incorporated into host genome, through which new viral RNA is produced by the infected cell and does new viruses are produced. Thus, the new viruses are ready to infect the other cells.

› Lytic cycle : First virus gets attached to the healthy cell. Then it injects it's genetic material into the host cell, it can be either RNA or DNA into the host cell and of and takes the cell machinery under control and turns in into a virus producing factory. Then the viruses assemble and there is lysis ( explosion ) of the host cell, resulting in release of new viruses to infect other cells.

$\bold{Hope\;it \; helps\;!}$

Answer 2

QUESTION:-

Explain the reproduction in viruses. Also explain the role of membranes in the life of viruses.

ANSWER:-

There are two processes used by viruses to replicate: the lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle. Some viruses reproduce using both methods, while others only use the lytic cycle. In the lytic cycle, the virus attaches to the host cell and injects its DNA. Then fully formed viruses assemble.

The role of membranes in the life of viruses :

• Viroporins are a group of proteins that get modified to form membranes.
• It helps in protecting the infective part which using the metabolic machinery of the host cell for synthesis and assembly of viral components and the capsids with antigenic properties

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