Question

Explain the role of transport in villages?

Answer 1

heya!!! here's your answer :-
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A major constraint with developing and maintaining rural roads is the fact that they are, unfortunately, rural. The areas where they are needed are often difficult to access, logistics become complicated, local contracting capability is limited, engineers are few and far between, and younger engineers especially, are not keen to leave the urban environment.

The rural environment is often the growth engine of a country, the food supply and the rural population are custodians of the environment and ecosystems. Planners of rural development need to be experts in the complexities of these interconnecting priorities and need to know how the road provision fits into the larger goals of rural development, and the priorities for economic and social growth.

We need to attract the best talent to rural development as there is less support available and fewer services and suppliers that we normally take for granted (no on-hand advocacy, and little asphalt and concrete production). It takes more engineering and managerial expertise to construct sustainable infrastructure by going back to analysing options that are available locally rather than relying on a design manual and conventional construction. For instance, the rural engineer needs to know how to convert a local material to a suitable road construction material, and assess the design limitations and durability. He or she needs to understand the complexities of the local watershed and construction capability limitations.

The solution lies in making our rural development work more attractive, many who get involved stay forever but we need to do more to make the rural development work attractive than we do at present. Taking a lesson from the marketing people we need to identify our unique selling points and convince our talent pool that this is the career for them. Job satisfaction, making your own decisions, a lower cost of living perhaps!!!

It is understandable, in the absence of expertise and for ease of operations, that perhaps more complex solutions are not preferred. As a result of limited capability and the attraction of low upfront capital costs (mortgaged against the future maintenance costs), in some developing countries, over 90% of the road network remains unpaved, mostly gravelled, and our problem is not just in the logistics of building good roads but maintaining them too. Keeping these roads in a condition that provides all-weather access is becoming increasingly difficult as good gravel resources become depleted whilst traffic increases. This leads to a situation where gravels of decreasing quality are used for both road construction and maintenance with an ever-increasing frequency in the cycle of deterioration and the need for repair. Maintaining unpaved roads to a standard that ensures sustainable access is thus becoming an increasingly difficult task.

We need somehow to keep our design and construction techniques to take into account capability and the limited knowledge on quality procedures.  How do we do it?

Design simple, high error margin techniques with low maintenance regimes

Use local materials as much as possible

Remember the cheapest option is probably the worst option no matter what the economic analysis or traffic volume figures indicate.

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HOPE IT HELPED!!!
PLEASED TO HELP!!!!

Answer 2

Hye!!!....


Ur answer is :-
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Transport system in India consists of transport by land, water, and air. Public transport remains the primary mode of transport for most Indian citizens, and India's public transport systems are among the most heavily used in the world.[1]

Motor vehicle population in India is low as per international standards, with only 24.85 million cars on the nation's roads as per 2013 records.[2] In total, about 21 percent of households have two wheelers whereas only 4.7 percent of households in India have cars/jeeps/vans as per the 2011 Census.[3][4] Despite this, the number of deaths caused by traffic is amongst the highest in the world and increasing.[5][6] The automobile industry in India is currently rapidly growing with an annual production of over 4.6 million vehicles,[7] with an annual growth rate of 10.5%[3] and vehicle volume is expected to rise greatly in the future...


#riShu;-)