explain the structure of neuron
Answers
The structure of neuron: Nerve cells or neurons are the structural and functional units of the nervous system. It consists of three major parts namely, cell body, dendrites, axon.
Cell Body: It is irregular in shape or polyhedral. It contains cytoplasm and certain granular bodies called Nissl's granules which contain a group of ribosomes for protein synthesis.
Dendrites: Dendrites are short fibers that branch repeatedly and protrude out of the cell body. They transmit electrical impulse towards the cyton.
Axon: They are long fibers arising from the cell body with a branched distal end. It terminates in a synaptic knob. It is filled with neurotransmitters.
Parts of axon:
a. Axoplasm: It is the cytoplasm of an axon.
b. Myelin sheath: It is made up of many layers of Schwann cells.
c. Neurilemma: The outermost layer of Schwann cells.
d. Nodes of Ranvier: These are gaps left by a myelin sheath
Answer:
A typical neuron consists of a cell body (soma), dendrites, and a single axon. The soma is usually compact. ... Most neurons receive signals via the dendrites and soma and send out signals down the axon. At the majority of synapses, signals cross from the axon of one neuron to a dendrite of another.
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