explain the structure of neuron with the help of a diagram
Answers
Explanation:
The structure of neuron: Nerve cells or neurons are the structural and functional units of the nervous system. It consists of three major parts namely, cell body, dendrites, axon.
Cell Body: It is irregular in shape or polyhedral. It contains cytoplasm and certain granular bodies called Nissl's granules which contain a group of ribosomes for protein synthesis.
Dendrites: Dendrites are short fibers that branch repeatedly and protrude out of the cell body. They transmit electrical impulse towards the cyton.
Axon: They are long fibers arising from the cell body with a branched distal end. It terminates in a synaptic knob. It is filled with neurotransmitters.
Parts of axon:
a. Axoplasm: It is the cytoplasm of an axon.
b. Myelin sheath: It is made up of many layers of Schwann cells.
c. Neurilemma: The outermost layer of Schwann cells.
d. Nodes of Ranvier: These are gaps left by a myelin sheath.
Answer:
neuron is a specialized and individual cell, which is also known as the nerve cell. A group of neurons forms a nerve.
Dendrites–A branch-like structure that functions by receiving messages from other neurons and allow the transmission of messages to the cell body.
Cell Body–Each neuron has a cell body with a nucleus, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and other components.
Axon–Axon is a tube-like structure that functions by carrying an electrical impulse from the cell body to the axon terminals for passing the impulse to another neuron.
Synapse– This structure functions by permitting the entry of a neuron to move an electrical or chemical signal from one neuron to another neuron.
